6.13 Summary
    1. 1 flagella and archaellapropel cells through liquid
    2. 2 different species use differentnumbers and arrangements
    3. 3 some bacteria wrap theirflagella to burrow through tissue
    4. 4 some bacteria use type IV pilito move across surfaces
    5. 5 others use type IX secretionsytems and adhesive filaments
    6. 6 and others use terminal organelleswith adhesive protein complexes

    Summary

    Concept Check Questions

    • Which works better in high viscosity: an oar or a propeller?

    • What other motility machinery is genetically related to the archaellum?

    • What motility machinery works like a grappling hook?

    • How can Mycoplasma divide if they lose FtsZ?

    Further Reading

    • Albers and Jarrell (2018). The archaellum: An update on the unique archaeal motility structure [62].

    • Armbruster and Mobley (2012). Merging mythology and morphology: The multifaceted lifestyle of Proteus mirabilis [63].

    • Berg (2003). The rotary motor of bacterial flagella [64].

    • Jarrell and McBride (2008). The surprisingly diverse ways that prokaryotes move [65].

    • Muñoz-Dorado et al. (2016). Myxobacteria: Moving, killing, feeding, and surviving together [66].

    • Shrivastava and Berg (2015). Towards a model for Flavobacterium gliding [67].